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龍山土家語的並列連詞nie與taxa
Author(s)
Date Issued
2022
Journal
ISSN
0257-5779
Citation
《民族語文》，2022，vol, 2, pp.11-23
Type
Peer Reviewed Journal Article
Abstract
北部土家語有兩種並列連詞,分別是居中型的 nie 與後置型的ta xa.本文通過考察龍山多個土家語方言點,有4 個面向的發現:第一,nie 傾向連結無生名詞,它雖兼作伴隨介詞,但僅能介引共同受事者.而ta xa 只能連結有生名詞,作伴隨介字時傾向介引共同施事者;第二,nie 和ta xa 對連結項的限制,反映出兩者的語法化路徑不同;第三,nie 兼具數詞二與介詞和連接詞功能;第四, nie 從實義數詞二開始虛化,先獲得雙數標記功能,再進一步被重新分析為介詞和連接詞.
There are two types of coordinating conjunctions in Northern Tujia, the medial nie and the postpositional taxa. We have conducted field research in several Tujia-speaking villages in the Longshan County, and the following conclusions have been reached:(i) The medial conjunction nie expresses strong preferences in conjoining inanimate NPs. While nie also functions as a comitative postposition, it can only introduce co-patients. The postpositional taxa can only conjoin animate NPs, and it tends to introduce co-agents when functioning as a comitative postposition.(ii) By revealing the constraints on the conjuncts of nie and taxa, the grammaticalization paths of these can be reconstructed.(iii) nie is polysemous, i.e., [TWO = Comitative/Conjunction].(iv) The form nie is grammaticalized through the path [TWO > Dual marker > Comitative/Conjunction].
There are two types of coordinating conjunctions in Northern Tujia, the medial nie and the postpositional taxa. We have conducted field research in several Tujia-speaking villages in the Longshan County, and the following conclusions have been reached:(i) The medial conjunction nie expresses strong preferences in conjoining inanimate NPs. While nie also functions as a comitative postposition, it can only introduce co-patients. The postpositional taxa can only conjoin animate NPs, and it tends to introduce co-agents when functioning as a comitative postposition.(ii) By revealing the constraints on the conjuncts of nie and taxa, the grammaticalization paths of these can be reconstructed.(iii) nie is polysemous, i.e., [TWO = Comitative/Conjunction].(iv) The form nie is grammaticalized through the path [TWO > Dual marker > Comitative/Conjunction].
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