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胡適對晚清墨學、今文經學的繼承與改造
Author(s)
Date Issued
2016
Journal
ISSN
1997-6860
Citation
雲漢學刊, 2016, 第32期 (增補本), 頁23-42.
Description
Online access
Type
Peer Reviewed Journal Article
Abstract
胡適著作有一種不斷自我建構的敘述策略,雖然他一再強調以赫胥黎(Thomas Henry Huxley)杜威(John Dewey)之說為代表的西學對他有深遠影響,但晚清思潮與其治學理念密切關聯,斷不可截然二分.本文擬釐探胡適對晚清墨學今文經學的繼承與改造,以期窺見其墨學研究之潛在理路,以及其疑古精神多大程度受到今文經學影響.要之,胡適對於晚清墨學是不斷地回應與調整,高度體現出其重實證重邏輯重考據,而輕義理的治學方法;但這種一以貫之以化約論(reductionism)去剪裁中國哲學有機論述之舉,讓許多哲學背景與義理都被其方法論架空,當哲學材料淪為歷史材料,只能被考據被歸納,而不能被闡釋,無疑是買櫝還珠.而胡適中國哲學史大綱之所以截斷眾流,對上古文獻的信史性產生懷疑,除可溯源自理學考據學西學之外,晚清今文經學古經偽造托古改制之說是一個不可忽視的源頭;胡適之所以不把今文經學對他的影響宣之於口,除了因為今文經學具迷信色彩,還因為在崇洋尊新的時代氛圍下,他不得不特意標舉西學作為其理論基礎,否則難以打響旗號而建構出一個受普遍認可的學術體系.
There is a narrative strategy in Hu Shi's works called "self-construal". Although he insisted that western literature that represented by Tomas Henry Huxley and John Dewey has a far-reaching impact on him, his concept of study is inseparable from the trend of thought in the late Qing Dynasty. This article attempts to investigate Hu Shi's inheritance and reconstruction of Mohism in the late Qing Dynasty and New Text Confucianism, thus exploring the potential thread of thought regarding his study of Mohism, and the impact that the New Text Confucianism has on his skeptical spirit towards the ancient. The reason why Hu Shi seldom admitted the impact of tradition on him is that under the era atmosphere of worshiping everything foreign and new, he had to adopt western literature as his theoretical basis, otherwise it would be hard for him to establish a wildly-recognized academic system.
There is a narrative strategy in Hu Shi's works called "self-construal". Although he insisted that western literature that represented by Tomas Henry Huxley and John Dewey has a far-reaching impact on him, his concept of study is inseparable from the trend of thought in the late Qing Dynasty. This article attempts to investigate Hu Shi's inheritance and reconstruction of Mohism in the late Qing Dynasty and New Text Confucianism, thus exploring the potential thread of thought regarding his study of Mohism, and the impact that the New Text Confucianism has on his skeptical spirit towards the ancient. The reason why Hu Shi seldom admitted the impact of tradition on him is that under the era atmosphere of worshiping everything foreign and new, he had to adopt western literature as his theoretical basis, otherwise it would be hard for him to establish a wildly-recognized academic system.
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