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Relationship between schizotypal personality trait, psychological resilience and psychological disturbances in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Date Issued
2026
Citation
Tang, Y., Raine, A., Lui, S. S. Y., Wong, P., & Lam, Y. H. (25-29 Mar 2026). Relationship between schizotypal personality trait, psychological resilience and psychological disturbances in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. 2026 Annual Congress of the Schizophrenia International Research Society, Florence, Italy.
Type
Conference Paper
Abstract
Background: Background: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are associated with various
psychological disturbances including depression, anxiety and stress. Whether these
psychological disturbances are influenced by risk factors such as schizotypal personality
traits and protective factors such as resilience is yet to be delineated. This study aimed to
examine three negative psychological disturbances (depression, anxiety and stress) and
psychological resilience in schizophrenia and healthy individuals, and to explore the role of
schizotypal personality trait and resilience in predicting these psychological disturbances.
Methods: Method: A total of 164 participants (30 schizophrenia individuals) completed the baseline measurement while 148 participants (123 healthy individuals and 25 schizophrenia individuals) among them completed wave 2 assessment. The baseline and wave 2 assessments included the 10-Item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). ANCOVA (controlling for age, gender, and baseline scores) were used to compare group differences, and correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were applied to examine the respective effect of schizotypal personality traits and resilience on the psychological disturbances.
Results: Results: The ANCOVA analysis showed that there were no significant differences in terms of stress, anxiety, depression and psychological resilience across the two groups (healthy vs schizophrenia) (ps > 0.05). On the other hand, schizotypal personality traits were significantly positively correlated with all three psychological disturbances scores (r = .51– .61, ps < .001), while it was significantly negatively correlated to psychological resilience (r = –.48 to –.56, ps < .001). Furthermore, the regression results showed that after controlling for age, gender, group type and baseline scores, schizotypal scores at wave 2 still significantly predicted higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression at wave 2 (β =.24 -.39, ps < .001), while psychological resilience at wave 2 significantly predicted lower levels of psychological disturbances at wave 2 (β = -.25 - -.30, ps ≤.001). Similar results were found for both schizophrenia and healthy groups.
Discussion: Conclusion: The current findings showed that schizotypal personality traits were associated with higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression, while resilience showed a significant negative association with stress, anxiety, and depression after controlling for the covariates. These results suggest that schizotypal personality traits and psychological resilience are significant factors of negative psychological disturbances in both schizophrenia and healthy individuals, providing evidence for understanding the psychological wellbeing among the subclinical and clinical schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Methods: Method: A total of 164 participants (30 schizophrenia individuals) completed the baseline measurement while 148 participants (123 healthy individuals and 25 schizophrenia individuals) among them completed wave 2 assessment. The baseline and wave 2 assessments included the 10-Item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). ANCOVA (controlling for age, gender, and baseline scores) were used to compare group differences, and correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were applied to examine the respective effect of schizotypal personality traits and resilience on the psychological disturbances.
Results: Results: The ANCOVA analysis showed that there were no significant differences in terms of stress, anxiety, depression and psychological resilience across the two groups (healthy vs schizophrenia) (ps > 0.05). On the other hand, schizotypal personality traits were significantly positively correlated with all three psychological disturbances scores (r = .51– .61, ps < .001), while it was significantly negatively correlated to psychological resilience (r = –.48 to –.56, ps < .001). Furthermore, the regression results showed that after controlling for age, gender, group type and baseline scores, schizotypal scores at wave 2 still significantly predicted higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression at wave 2 (β =.24 -.39, ps < .001), while psychological resilience at wave 2 significantly predicted lower levels of psychological disturbances at wave 2 (β = -.25 - -.30, ps ≤.001). Similar results were found for both schizophrenia and healthy groups.
Discussion: Conclusion: The current findings showed that schizotypal personality traits were associated with higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression, while resilience showed a significant negative association with stress, anxiety, and depression after controlling for the covariates. These results suggest that schizotypal personality traits and psychological resilience are significant factors of negative psychological disturbances in both schizophrenia and healthy individuals, providing evidence for understanding the psychological wellbeing among the subclinical and clinical schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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