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人祭卜辭中的女性及其特点
Author(s)
Date Issued
2010
Journal
ISSN
1976-6009
Citation
인문학논총, 2010年, 第15輯, 第1期, 第83-101頁.
Type
Peer Reviewed Journal Article
Abstract
本文從宗敎學的角度切入, 以殷商人祭卜辭爲材料, 對其中有關女性的辭例進行了整理,歸納出其中的女性有2類:女性人牲和女性袓先.分析了他們在殷商祭祀系統扮演的角色,指出了女性在殷商人祭活動中的作用和特點.
This paper researched from the religion point of view, analysised the records of female in the Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty. The results show that: There are two types of female in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. One is female Human Sacrifice; the other is female ancestor.The victims been killed for sacrifice was called “human sacrifice” . The ritual of using human sacrifice for worship spirits was called “Ren Ji”. The Yin people used female human sacrifices for worship ancestors’ spirits or natural spirits, especially when they were worshipping river deities and the spirits in charge of rain. Yin people thought that female human sacrifices were the best media to communicate with the spirits. The function of using female human sacrifices was very clearly: offering sacrifices to river deities to stop flood and offering sacrifices to rain deities to pray for rain when they were in drought.Female ancestor had a quite high status in Shang Dynasty, they enjoyed the same species of human sacrifices and animals just like male ancestors. Female’s status determined by their contributions to the society’s economy and the degree of them in the political life. The spouses of Yin people worshiped female ancestors were to pray for blessings and strengthen the regius authority.
This paper researched from the religion point of view, analysised the records of female in the Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty. The results show that: There are two types of female in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. One is female Human Sacrifice; the other is female ancestor.The victims been killed for sacrifice was called “human sacrifice” . The ritual of using human sacrifice for worship spirits was called “Ren Ji”. The Yin people used female human sacrifices for worship ancestors’ spirits or natural spirits, especially when they were worshipping river deities and the spirits in charge of rain. Yin people thought that female human sacrifices were the best media to communicate with the spirits. The function of using female human sacrifices was very clearly: offering sacrifices to river deities to stop flood and offering sacrifices to rain deities to pray for rain when they were in drought.Female ancestor had a quite high status in Shang Dynasty, they enjoyed the same species of human sacrifices and animals just like male ancestors. Female’s status determined by their contributions to the society’s economy and the degree of them in the political life. The spouses of Yin people worshiped female ancestors were to pray for blessings and strengthen the regius authority.
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