Dr. KWAN Kai Wan2026-07-022026-07-022025Journal of Asian History, 2025, vol. 59 (1/2), pp. 31-54.0021910X27474267http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11861/27907enFrom walled passageways to defensive ramparts: A study of the shifting meaning of the term Jiacheng between ca. 700 and 900Peer Reviewed Journal Article